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Custom Orthotics in Union City and PleasantonCustom Orthotics

A custom orthotic, like those we provide from The Orthotic Group, is a device designed to align the foot and ankle into the most anatomically efficient position. They look like insoles, but are biomechanical medical appliances that are custom made to correct your specific foot imbalance. Custom orthotics work on your feet much like glasses work on your eyes - they reduce stress and strain on your body by bringing your feet back into proper alignment. The plastic body of the custom orthotic helps to re-align the foot by redirecting and reducing certain motion that takes place during the gait cycle. Custom orthotics fit into your shoes as comfortably as an insole - and they have the advantage of having been made from precise imprints of your feet.

The symptoms of poor foot mechanics can include any one of the following:

  • Localized foot pain
  • Bunions, hammer toes
  • Arch/heel pain
  • Leg/knee pain
  • Hip, back and neck pain



What is a Custom Orthotic?



A custom orthotic is a device designed to align the foot and ankle into the most anatomically efficient position. They look like insoles, but are biomechanical medical appliances that are custom made to correct your specific foot imbalance. Custom orthotics work on your feet much like glasses work on your eyes - they reduce stress and strain on your body by bringing your feet back into proper alignment. The plastic body of the custom orthotic helps to re-align the foot by redirecting and reducing certain motion that takes place during the gait cycle. Custom orthotics fit into your shoes as comfortably as an insole - and they have the advantage of having been made from precise imprints of your feet.



Who Needs Custom Orthotics?



The symptoms of poor foot mechanics can include any one of the following:

  • Localized foot pain
  • Bunions, hammer toes
  • Arch/heel pain
  • Leg/knee pain
  • Hip or back pain - even neck pain


Should I Wear My Custom Orthotics All The Time?



The longer you wear your custom orthotics the more benefit you will get out of them. If your daily activities vary to the extent that you change your footwear, then you should have a second pair of custom orthotics designed for that specific activity. (I.e. going to the gym after work)

Why Do My New Custom Orthotics Feel Uncomfortable?



Since the custom orthotic works to realign the structure of your foot you may feel pressure in some areas as the custom orthotic attempts to do its job. For this reason custom orthotics should be worn in two hour intervals and slowly extend the wear time over a period of two weeks.

What Kind of Shoe Do I Need For My Custom Orthotics?



For the most part any shoe that has a removable insole will work with your custom orthotic. Just remove the insole that came with the shoe and replace it with the custom orthotic. TOG also offers a carefully-selected line of footwear that can accomodate custom orthotics, as well as custom sandals and clogs that have your prescribed device built right in.



Will My Muscles Get Weaker Wearing Custom Orthotics?



Custom orthotics will not reduce muscles tone. They will help position your foot so you will be using the right muscles at the right time, minimizing fatigue and allowing your muscles to be used more efficiently.


Our professional partners prescribe orthotics to their patients for various symptoms. Many medical conditions often stem from a biomechanical gait abnormality that can be treated with custom orthotics. Here are some common ailments related to poor foot biomechanics.


Achilles Tendonitis

Achilles Tendonitis


Achilles Tendonitis is an inflammation of the common tendon of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg.

Patients that have equinis deformity and/or run up-hill are candidates for this disorder. As the tibia moves over the foot, the ankle joint needs to be able to dorsiflex at least 10 degrees. If this is not possible, due to tightness of the aforementioned musculature, the tissues of the tendon can be damaged. In addition it is thought that over-pronation may reduce the blood supply to the area by "wringing out" the arterial blood supply to the tendon. This is due to the twisting movement of the tendon associated with over-pronation of the foot.

Iliotibial Band Syndrome

Iliotibial Band Syndrome


The iliotibial band which is a thick extension of the tensor fascia latae muscle slides over the lateral epicondyle. Iliotibial Band Syndrome is an inflammatory reaction at the side where this sliding occurs.

If the foot over-pronates, this is accompanied by internal rotation of the entire lower limb, producing a constant friction between the band and the bony prominence of the femur. It is therefore very common among runners especially if they run on a banked track or downhill.



Metatarsalgia

Metatarsalgia


Metatarsalgia is not an injury; it's actually a symptom or a group of symptoms. These may include pain in the ball of the foot, with or without bruising, and inflammation. It is often localized in the metatarsal heads or it may be more isolated, in the area near the big toe. One of the hallmarks of this disorder is pain in the ball of the foot during weight-bearing activities. Sharp or shooting pains in the toes also may be present, and pain in the toes and/or ball of the foot may increase when the toes are flexed. Accompanying symptoms may include tingling or numbness in the toes. It is common to experience acute, recurrent or chronic pain as a result of this problem.

Metatarsalgia develops when something changes or threatens the normal mechanics of the foot. Ultimately, this creates excessive pressure in the ball of the foot, and that leads to metatarsalgia.

Some of the causes of metatarsalgia include:

  • Being overweight: the more weight is brought to bear on the foot, the greater the pressure is on the forefoot when taking a step.
  • As men and women age, the fat pad in the foot tends to thin out, creating less cushioning and making them more susceptible to pain in the ball of the foot.
  • Wearing shoes that do not fit properly: Shoes with a narrow, tight toe box, or shoes that cause a great deal of pressure to be put on the ball of the foot (high heels, for example) are often the cause of metatarsalgia. Because such footwear inhibits the walking process and forces the wearer to alter his or her step to adjust to the shoe, the mechanics of the foot are compromised.
  • Certain foot shapes contribute to metatarsalgia. A high-arched foot, or a foot with an extra-long metatarsal bone can cause pressure on the forefoot region and contribute to pain and inflammation there.
  • Claw toes or hammertoes can press the metatarsals toward the ground and cause stress on the ball of the foot.
  • Arthritis, gout or other inflammatory joint disorders can produce pain in the ball of the foot.


Morton's Neuroma Morton's Neuroma


Morton's Neuroma is a thickening of the tissue that surrounds the intermetatarsal nerve leading to the toes. When the nerve becomes squeezed and irritated, it causes painful symptoms. Neuroma patients occasionally complain of a "pins and needles" sensation that spreads through their fourth and fifth toes, or of a feeling akin to hitting their "funny bone."

A neuroma can occur in response to the irritation of a nerve by one or more factors:

  • Abnormal foot function or foot mechanics: primarily excessive pronation that causes strain on the nerve.
  • Improper footwear: constricting, narrow, poor-fitting shoes with a tight or pointed toe box tend to compress the end of the foot, leading to excessive pressure in the area of the nerve. High-heeled shoes are a particular culprit here.
  • Previous trauma to the foot: Those who engage in high-impact activities that bring repetitive trauma to the foot (running, aerobics, etc.) have a greater chance of developing a neuroma.


Plantar Fasciitis

Plantar Fasciitis

Plantar fasciitis is an inflammatory condition that occurs where the plantar fascia attaches to the medial tuberosity of the calcaneus.

Over-pronation results in a constant tugging of the aforementioned attachment site. Inflammation then results from this constant insult to the local tissues. When the patient is off-weight bearing, scar tissue begins to repair the site of injury. When the patient resumes weight-bearing, the scar tissue is torn resulting in acute pain. This explains why patients with this disorder typically experience the most pain when they get out of bed, or stand after a period of sitting.



Runners Knee

Runner's Knee

Runner's Knee is a general term referring to pain around the front of a runner's knee.

If the pain is anteromedial in location, the source of the problem may be over-pronation. The internal rotation of the tibia associated with over-pronation, may cause the knee to fall into a functional valgus orientation during the stance phase of gait. This in turn will compromise the ligaments on the medial aspect of the knee. Furthermore, the abnormal motion will result in abnormal pressures behind the patella, leading to a more specific knee malady referred to as chondromalacia patella.



Sacroiliac Syndrome

Sacroiliac Syndrome

Sacroilliac syndrome is a painful inflammatory condition of the sacroiliac joints. The patient generally experiences pain in the buttock and thigh regions. It is typically aggravated by sitting for long periods.

Quite frequently it is caused by an injury such as would be sustained by a fall on the buttocks or during a lifting activity. However, there is some evidence to suggest that a chronic irritation from abnormal foot mechanics is also a possible cause. When a foot over-pronates, it creates a tendancy towards internal rotation of the lower limb. Due to the anatomy of the hip joint, this internal rotation translates into an extension of the pelvis (PSIS's rotate upward while ASIS's rotate downward). If the mechanics of the feet are not symmetrical, then conflicting rotations may occur at the two sacroiliac joints. This appears to set up a chronic irritation of these joints leading to the inflammation.



Shin Splints

Shin Splints

The condition known as Shin Splints involves a muscular over-use scenario. There are Anterior Shin Splints and Posterior Shin Splints. Anterior Shin Splints involve the Tibialis anterior muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg, and Posterior Shin Splints involve the Tibialis posterior muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg.

Both of these muscles are involved in slowing down pronation during the stance phase of gait. Tibialis anterior functions early in the stance while Tibialis posterior functions a little later. If the patient over-pronates or pronates too rapidly, either or both of these muscles may be called upon to work harder than normal. As a result, fatigue sets in, leading to inefficient force production which leads to micro-tearing of the soft tissue and therefore and inflammatory reaction. Since the muscle is wrapped in a fascial covering, the swelling that occurs from the aforementioned problem is restricted by this covering. Beyond the fact that much pain results from the entire process, the presuure within the fascial covering can be suffiecient to "choke-off" the blood supply to the involved musculature, further added to the insult on the tissue. In severe circumstances the swelling can be severe enough to damage the deep peroneal nerve resulting in a permanent "foot drop," as this nerve supplies the dorsiflexors of the foot. The scenario that typically brings on "shin splints" is a sedentary individual that suddenly starts running or walking long distances. When that individual is also an over-pronator, the combination of having weak muscles from lack of activity and having this biomechanical fault increase the likelihood of injury. Even changing the type of shoe worn during walking or running can be sufficient to increase the pronation of the subtalar and transverse tarsal joints and lead to tissue injury.